{"id":842,"date":"2026-06-24T09:16:04","date_gmt":"2026-06-24T09:16:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oldhamcoupling.net\/why-oldham-couplings-are-ideal-for-encoder-and-resolver-connections\/"},"modified":"2026-06-24T09:16:05","modified_gmt":"2026-06-24T09:16:05","slug":"why-oldham-couplings-are-ideal-for-encoder-and-resolver-connections","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/oldhamcoupling.net\/vi\/why-oldham-couplings-are-ideal-for-encoder-and-resolver-connections\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u00ec sao kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i Oldham l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed m\u00e0 kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i Oldham xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, kh\u00f4ng n\u01a1i n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi kh\u1eaft khe h\u01a1n \u2014 ho\u1eb7c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i \u2014 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa tr\u1ee5c quay v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i quay nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a gia t\u0103ng, b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed g\u00f3c c\u1ee7a tr\u1ee5c th\u00e0nh t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i c\u01a1 kh\u00ed gi\u1eefa tr\u1ee5c v\u00e0 r\u00f4to \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. M\u1ed9t kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 r\u01a1, \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i ho\u1eb7c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c s\u1ebd l\u00e0m suy gi\u1ea3m t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u theo nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch lan truy\u1ec1n kh\u1eafp to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i Oldham \u2014 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf d\u1ea1ng thu nh\u1ecf \u2014 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i tr\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

\n \"Kh\u1edbp
C\u00e1c kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i Oldham thu nh\u1ecf v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1ed7 t\u1eeb 3 mm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 t\u1eebng gi\u00e2y cung c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9 r\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

B\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n

B\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a quay (rotary encoder) hay b\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 (resolver) v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i: n\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed g\u00f3c c\u1ee7a tr\u1ee5c th\u00e0nh t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a gia t\u0103ng (incremental encoder) t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i xung v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 xung x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i v\u00f2ng quay; b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfm xung \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i. B\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i (absolute encoder) t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1ecb tr\u00ed g\u00f3c c\u1ee7a tr\u1ee5c trong m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng quay (m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng) ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f2ng quay (nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f2ng). B\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p h\u00ecnh sin c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a g\u00f3c quay c\u1ee7a tr\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

Trong m\u1ecdi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u ra ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o. N\u1ebfu kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa tr\u1ee5c d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a g\u00e2y ra b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 sai s\u1ed1 g\u00f3c n\u00e0o \u2014 d\u00f9 nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u \u2014 th\u00ec sai s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o cho b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a tr\u1ee5c. Khi \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n s\u1ebd x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn sai s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb, dao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong v\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00ec b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft sai s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c trong c\u00e1c kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i<\/h2>\n

H\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5c servo s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a g\u1eafn tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed. N\u1ebfu kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 r\u01a1 0,1 \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i \u1edf m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o chi\u1ec1u:<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u quay theo h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1edbi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng b\u00e1o c\u00e1o b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o trong 0,1 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00ec v\u00f9ng ch\u1ebft do \u0111\u1ed9 r\u01a1 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i truy\u1ec1n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn r\u00f4to c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a. Trong v\u00f9ng ch\u1ebft n\u00e0y, b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ra l\u1ec7nh t\u0103ng m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f9 l\u1ea1i sai s\u1ed1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed. \u0110\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u1ed9 r\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00f9 h\u1ebft v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u00e1o c\u00e1o chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o chi\u1ec1u nh\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh \u2014 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ea3o chi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, v\u00f9ng ch\u1ebft 0,1 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ea1i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chu k\u1ef3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n: m\u1ed9t dao \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1ecf, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i xung quanh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau m\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tri\u1ec7t ti\u00eau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 r\u01a1 kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i l\u00e0m cho m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n. Tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u00f4ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea3o chi\u1ec1u. Trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c, n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra g\u1ee3n s\u00f3ng v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c \u1edf t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea3o chi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

Ngay c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed9 r\u01a1 0,01 \u0111\u1ed9 \u2014 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eebng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u2014 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i cao. B\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a 5.000 d\u00f2ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i g\u1ed1c l\u00e0 0,072 \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i xung vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c; \u0111\u1ed9 r\u01a1 0,01 \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t xung kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u1edf m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o chi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

V\u00ec sao \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 r\u01a1 c\u1ee7a kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i Oldham l\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y<\/h2>\n

C\u01a1 c\u1ea5u m\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 r\u00e3nh c\u1ee7a kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i Oldham t\u1ea1o ra k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1eeba kh\u00edt ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 r\u01a1 g\u00f3c. Khi tr\u1ee5c d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea3o chi\u1ec1u, tr\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a s\u1ebd ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c quay theo \u2014 trong ph\u1ea1m vi dung sai \u0111\u1ed9 r\u01a1 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i, m\u00e0 trong m\u1ed9t kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i Oldham thu nh\u1ecf ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, dung sai n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o b\u1eb1ng gi\u00e2y cung, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ph\u00fat cung.<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i t\u1ee9c th\u00ec, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a lu\u00f4n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed tr\u1ee5c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea3o chi\u1ec1u quay. V\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i s\u1ea1ch, ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n chu k\u1ef3 ho\u1eb7c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ee3i do \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 g\u00e2y ra.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh, kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i ki\u1ec3u \u1ed1ng th\u1ed5i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 r\u01a1 \u2014 nh\u01b0ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a m\u00e0 kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i Oldham kh\u00f4ng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n

\n \"Kh\u1edbp
H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 r\u01a1 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a lu\u00f4n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed tr\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n servo ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u00f9ng ch\u1ebft v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

C\u00e1ch ly \u0111i\u1ec7n: B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a<\/h2>\n

B\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a quay v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. C\u00e1c \u0111\u0129a quang, c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn t\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ea1ch. Nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 v\u00e0i miliampe ch\u1ea1y qua tr\u1ee5c v\u00e0 v\u1ecf b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed b\u00ean trong ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m sai l\u1ec7ch t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u ra.<\/p>\n

Trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea5t do hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng gh\u00e9p n\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n dung th\u00f4ng qua \u0111i\u1ec7n dung k\u00fd sinh gi\u1eefa cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y v\u00e0 r\u00f4to c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1. C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n (VFD) v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i servo s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ed9ng xung (PWM) v\u00e0i kilohertz t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng s\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1nh. N\u1ebfu b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u1edbi tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i kim lo\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p tr\u1ee5c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c xung chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n

Kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i Oldham v\u1edbi \u0111\u0129a trung t\u00e2m b\u1eb1ng polymer cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00e1ch ly \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n gi\u1eefa tr\u1ee5c d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y gi\u1eefa hai tr\u1ee5c th\u00f4ng qua kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i v\u00ec \u0111\u0129a b\u1eb1ng acetal ho\u1eb7c nylon l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng kim lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sao ch\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, s\u1ef1 c\u00e1ch ly \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e0y lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m l\u1ed7i b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean x\u1ea3y ra trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i kim lo\u1ea1i \u2014 h\u1ecfng \u1ed5 bi s\u1edbm trong b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a, t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u ra b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5u do ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n g\u00e2y ra v\u00e0 h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng do ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch CMOS b\u00ean trong v\u1ecf b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n

V\u00ec sao kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i ki\u1ec3u \u1ed1ng th\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i Oldham?<\/h2>\n

Kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i d\u1ea1ng \u1ed1ng x\u1ebfp c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 r\u01a1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng trong \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y: ch\u00fang truy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a khi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch tr\u1ee5c ngang.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee1 nh\u1ecf \u2014 \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c c\u1ea7u r\u00e3nh s\u00e2u d\u00f2ng 6900 ho\u1eb7c 6800 v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1ed7 10 mm ho\u1eb7c nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng h\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ee5c do nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eb1m duy tr\u00ec v\u1ecb tr\u00ed tr\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a r\u00f4to. Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

Kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i d\u1ea1ng \u1ed1ng x\u1ebfp v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch ngang 0,3 mm s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m v\u00e0i Newton t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean tr\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a. Tr\u00ean \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ee5c v\u00e0i Newton, l\u1ef1c h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m n\u00e0y l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c \u2014 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c ngh\u00ecn gi\u1edd xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n v\u00e0i tr\u0103m gi\u1edd. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn ma s\u00e1t m\u00e0 kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i ph\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u00f4to b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra sai s\u1ed1 g\u00f3c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n

Kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i Oldham h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u1ef1c h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m n\u00e0o l\u00ean \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch ngang. \u0110\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1edfi \u0111\u0129a tr\u01b0\u1ee3t, v\u00e0 \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc theo thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a lu\u00f4n khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i Oldham \u2014 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean l\u00fd \u0111\u0129a tr\u01b0\u1ee3t t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u2014 cho s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

\n \"Kh\u1edbp
Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i d\u1ea1ng \u1ed1ng x\u1ebfp, \u0111\u0129a tr\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u1ee7a Oldham h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch ngang m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c nh\u1ecf tinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh th\u1ea5p: Duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a<\/h2>\n

Qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i c\u1ed9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh m\u00e0 r\u00f4to v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a ph\u1ea3i t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed1c. Trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng servo ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng cao \u2014 v\u1edbi gia t\u1ed1c tr\u1ee5c t\u1eeb 10 m\/s\u00b2 tr\u1edf l\u00ean tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1ee3t tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00ean gi\u00e2y b\u00ecnh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1i tr\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a \u2014 m\u1ed9t kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i c\u00f3 qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh cao ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc th\u00f4ng th\u1ea5p gi\u1eefa chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ee5c v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i Oldham thu nh\u1ecf, v\u1edbi tr\u1ee5c b\u1eb1ng nh\u00f4m nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u0129a polymer nh\u1ecf, c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng khe h\u1edf c\u00f9ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ed7. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 0,1 \u0111\u1ebfn 1,0 g\u00b7cm\u00b2 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh \u2014 \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a ngay c\u1ea3 \u1edf b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng servo cao.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/h2>\n

T\u1eeb tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a ngo\u00e0i (ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i k\u00e9p):<\/strong> C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng servo hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao \u0111\u00f4i khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a th\u1ee9 hai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u1edf ph\u00eda t\u1ea3i (v\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u1edf cu\u1ed1i tr\u1ee5c v\u00edt bi) ngo\u00e0i b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1. Kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i Oldham k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i tr\u1ee5c v\u00edt bi v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a ph\u00eda t\u1ea3i n\u00e0y, b\u00f9 l\u1ea1i b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch ngang n\u00e0o gi\u1eefa tr\u1ee5c v\u00edt v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi cung c\u1ea5p t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u s\u1ea1ch, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5, gi\u00fap cho \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i k\u00e9p tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a.<\/p>\n

B\u00e0n xoay chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a g\u00f3c:<\/strong> B\u00e0n xoay \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a g\u00f3c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1edbn (nh\u01b0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb Heidenhain RON ho\u1eb7c SICK HIPERFACE) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u00ean tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a b\u00e0n. Kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a b\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng xo\u1eafn \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y t\u1ea3i cho b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a. C\u00e1c kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i Oldham thu nh\u1ecf trong ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1ed7 20\u201350 mm \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

T\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9p s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u1ecb tr\u00ed:<\/strong> Nhi\u1ec1u robot c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, b\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng quay v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a tr\u00ean tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9p s\u1ed1 thay v\u00ec \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u1ea3i. Kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa tr\u1ee5c h\u1ed9p s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch g\u00f3c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch ngang c\u1ee7a \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u ra h\u1ed9p s\u1ed1 \u2014 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng m\u00e0 kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i Oldham x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u00f9 l\u1ec7ch ngang ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

B\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh tr\u00ean m\u00e1y c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5:<\/strong> M\u00e1y ti\u1ec7n v\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m gia c\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a tr\u00ean tr\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh cho c\u00e1c chu tr\u00ecnh ren v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i ghi \u0111\u00e8 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh. C\u00e1c \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c servo ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c; kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i Oldham h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m n\u00e0y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y t\u1ea3i cho b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n

H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t<\/h2>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3, c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 sau \u0111\u00e2y th\u01b0\u1eddng chi ph\u1ed1i vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn:<\/p>\n